{"id":1712,"date":"2026-09-29T23:08:55","date_gmt":"2026-09-29T22:08:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/le-diabete-et-la-retine-comment-proteger-sa-vue\/"},"modified":"2026-10-09T12:04:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T11:04:35","slug":"le-diabete-et-la-retine-comment-proteger-sa-vue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/le-diabete-et-la-retine-comment-proteger-sa-vue\/","title":{"rendered":"Diab\u00e8te et r\u00e9tine : comment prot\u00e9ger sa vue \u2014 d\u00e9pistage, examens et traitements"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"bf-art-lead\">L&rsquo;\u0153il touch\u00e9 par le diab\u00e8te ne fait pas mal et n&rsquo;avertit pas. C&rsquo;est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment pour cette raison que l&rsquo;examen r\u00e9gulier du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il reste la meilleure protection de la vue.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"bf-art-author\">\n<p class=\"bf-art-author__kicker\">Article du<\/p>\n<p class=\"bf-art-author__name\">Dr Soumia Ouazzani<\/p>\n<p class=\"bf-art-author__role\">Ophtalmologue \u00e0 F\u00e8s \u2014 cataracte, glaucome, corn\u00e9e et r\u00e9tine<\/p>\n<p class=\"bf-art-author__links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/dr-soumia-ouazzani\/\">Sa page sur BusinessF\u00e8s<\/a> <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/maps.app.goo.gl\/tgk6t3pWPsVXQvBp9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Itin\u00e9raire vers le cabinet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<h2 id=\"essentiel\">L&rsquo;essentiel en quelques lignes<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Le diab\u00e8te peut ab\u00eemer les petits vaisseaux qui nourrissent la r\u00e9tine, la fine membrane sensible situ\u00e9e au fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il. Cette atteinte porte un nom : la <strong>r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Environ <strong>une personne diab\u00e9tique sur trois<\/strong> pr\u00e9sente une atteinte de la r\u00e9tine. Le risque augmente avec la dur\u00e9e du diab\u00e8te ; il diminue nettement avec un bon \u00e9quilibre glyc\u00e9mique et de la tension.<\/li>\n<li>Aux premiers stades, l&rsquo;atteinte est <strong>silencieuse<\/strong> : la vue reste bonne alors que des l\u00e9sions existent d\u00e9j\u00e0. Seul l&rsquo;examen du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il permet de les rep\u00e9rer.<\/li>\n<li>Il existe aujourd&rsquo;hui <strong>plusieurs traitements efficaces<\/strong> : \u00e9quilibre du diab\u00e8te et de la tension, laser, injections dans l&rsquo;\u0153il, chirurgie dans les formes compliqu\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<li>On estime qu&rsquo;environ <strong>90 % des pertes de vision graves li\u00e9es au diab\u00e8te sont \u00e9vitables<\/strong>, \u00e0 condition que l&rsquo;atteinte soit vue et trait\u00e9e \u00e0 temps.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<nav class=\"bf-art-toc\" aria-label=\"Sommaire\">\n<p class=\"bf-art-toc__title\">Sommaire<\/p>\n<ol class=\"bf-art-toc__list\">\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">Pourquoi le diab\u00e8te menace-t-il la vue ?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">La r\u00e9tine : un capteur d&rsquo;images tr\u00e8s exigeant<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">Ce que le sucre en exc\u00e8s fait aux vaisseaux<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">Les stades de la maladie : ce que l&rsquo;examen r\u00e9v\u00e8le<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">Le diagnostic et le suivi : quels examens, \u00e0 quel rythme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">Les traitements : ce qui marche, et \u00e0 quel moment<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">Prot\u00e9ger sa vue au quotidien<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">Ce qu&rsquo;il faut retenir<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/nav>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">1. Pourquoi le diab\u00e8te menace-t-il la vue ?<\/h2>\n<p>Le diab\u00e8te concerne aujourd&rsquo;hui plus d&rsquo;un adulte sur dix dans le monde : environ <strong>537 millions de personnes<\/strong> \u00e2g\u00e9es de 20 \u00e0 79 ans en 2021, et les projections parlent de 643 millions en 2030 et de 783 millions en 2045. Cette progression s&rsquo;explique par le vieillissement de la population, la s\u00e9dentarit\u00e9, l&rsquo;alimentation et l&rsquo;augmentation de l&rsquo;ob\u00e9sit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Parmi les complications du diab\u00e8te, celle qui touche la r\u00e9tine est la plus fr\u00e9quente : elle concerne environ <strong>un tiers des patients diab\u00e9tiques<\/strong>. Apr\u00e8s vingt ans d&rsquo;\u00e9volution, on la retrouve chez pr\u00e8s de <strong>95 % des patients de type 1<\/strong> et chez environ <strong>60 % des patients de type 2<\/strong>, m\u00eame si, dans la majorit\u00e9 des cas, ces atteintes restent l\u00e9g\u00e8res et stables pendant des ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments commandent le risque, et tous deux sont en grande partie entre nos mains : la <strong>dur\u00e9e<\/strong> du diab\u00e8te et la <strong>qualit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un bon \u00e9quilibre glyc\u00e9mique<\/strong>, de la tension art\u00e9rielle et du cholest\u00e9rol. Une personne dont le diab\u00e8te est r\u00e9cent et bien \u00e9quilibr\u00e9 court un risque faible \u00e0 court terme. \u00c0 l&rsquo;inverse, un diab\u00e8te qui \u00e9volue depuis quinze ou vingt ans sans suivi r\u00e9gulier doit conduire \u00e0 un examen du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il sans attendre, m\u00eame si la vue est parfaite et qu&rsquo;aucun sympt\u00f4me n&rsquo;est ressenti.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-chiffres-fr.png\" alt=\"Chiffres cl\u00e9s de la r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Les rep\u00e8res \u00e0 retenir : fr\u00e9quence de l&rsquo;atteinte, b\u00e9n\u00e9fice du d\u00e9pistage et poids du diab\u00e8te dans le monde. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Sch\u00e9ma original BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">2. La r\u00e9tine : un capteur d&rsquo;images tr\u00e8s exigeant<\/h2>\n<p>Pour comprendre ce qui se passe dans l&rsquo;\u0153il, une image simple suffit. La r\u00e9tine est le <strong>film sensible<\/strong> de l&rsquo;\u0153il : une membrane de 0,25 mm d&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur seulement, coll\u00e9e au fond du globe oculaire, qui transforme la lumi\u00e8re en signaux transmis au cerveau. Sa zone centrale, la <strong>macula<\/strong>, assure la vision fine \u2014 lire, reconna\u00eetre un visage, distinguer les couleurs d&rsquo;un feu de circulation.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-anatomie-fr.png\" alt=\"Coupe du globe oculaire : r\u00e9tine, macula et nerf optique\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Le globe oculaire en coupe : la r\u00e9tine tapisse la face interne du globe, la macula occupe son centre optique. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Sch\u00e9ma original BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Deux particularit\u00e9s expliquent la fragilit\u00e9 de ce tissu. D&rsquo;abord, ses vaisseaux \u2014 issus de l&rsquo;art\u00e8re centrale de la r\u00e9tine \u2014 sont extr\u00eamement fins, \u00e0 peine plus larges que les globules rouges qui les traversent : le moindre d\u00e9faut de la paroi se traduit par une fuite ou par un bouchon. Ensuite, un exc\u00e8s de sucre dans le sang modifie durablement cette paroi ; lorsque les capillaires deviennent poreux ou s&rsquo;obstruent, la r\u00e9tine se retrouve mal nourrie et ses cellules nerveuses souffrent du manque d&rsquo;oxyg\u00e8ne.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s3\">3. Ce que le sucre en exc\u00e8s fait aux vaisseaux<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1. Le sucre ab\u00eeme la paroi des petits vaisseaux<\/h3>\n<p>Un taux de sucre durablement \u00e9lev\u00e9 fait entrer dans la cellule des produits de d\u00e9gradation du glucose, favorise la formation de prot\u00e9ines \u00ab glycqu\u00e9es \u00bb, augmente le stress oxydatif et entretient une inflammation de bas grade. Les cellules qui soutiennent les capillaires, appel\u00e9es <strong>p\u00e9ricytes<\/strong>, disparaissent progressivement : la paroi perd son \u00e9lasticit\u00e9, devient poreuse, s&rsquo;\u00e9paissit, puis finit par s&rsquo;obstruer.<\/p>\n<p>Ces modifications sont microscopiques, indolores et invisibles pour le patient. Seul l&rsquo;examen du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il \u2014 \u00e9ventuellement compl\u00e9t\u00e9 par des photographies de la r\u00e9tine ou par une tomographie par coh\u00e9rence optique (OCT) \u2014 permet de les rep\u00e9rer et de les suivre d&rsquo;une consultation \u00e0 l&rsquo;autre.<\/p>\n<h3>3.2. Des fuites et un gonflement au centre : l&rsquo;\u0153d\u00e8me maculaire<\/h3>\n<p>Quand les capillaires deviennent trop poreux, du liquide et des graisses s&rsquo;\u00e9chappent des vaisseaux et s&rsquo;accumulent dans l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur de la r\u00e9tine. Ce gonflement devient pr\u00e9occupant lorsqu&rsquo;il touche la macula : c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;<strong>\u0153d\u00e8me maculaire diab\u00e9tique<\/strong>. La vision baisse, la lecture devient fatigante, et les lignes droites peuvent para\u00eetre ondul\u00e9es ou d\u00e9form\u00e9es. Sur les images du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il, les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de graisses forment des <strong>exsudats<\/strong> : de petites taches jaun\u00e2tres, souvent dispos\u00e9es en couronne autour de la zone malade.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u0153d\u00e8me maculaire peut appara\u00eetre \u00e0 <strong>tous les stades<\/strong> de la maladie, y compris tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t, et il constitue aujourd&rsquo;hui la premi\u00e8re cause de baisse de vision chez les personnes diab\u00e9tiques. C&rsquo;est aussi la l\u00e9sion qui r\u00e9pond le mieux aux traitements actuels \u2014 d&rsquo;o\u00f9 l&rsquo;importance de la d\u00e9tecter avant qu&rsquo;elle n&rsquo;ab\u00eeme d\u00e9finitivement le centre de la r\u00e9tine.<\/p>\n<h3>3.3. Manque d&rsquo;oxyg\u00e8ne, VEGF et vaisseaux anormaux<\/h3>\n<p>Lorsque des territoires entiers de la r\u00e9tine ne re\u00e7oivent plus assez de sang \u2014 c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;<strong>isch\u00e9mie<\/strong> \u2014, ils r\u00e9clament de l&rsquo;oxyg\u00e8ne en lib\u00e9rant une prot\u00e9ine appel\u00e9e <strong>VEGF<\/strong>. Ce signal a normalement un r\u00f4le r\u00e9parateur, mais r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 sans interruption il devient toxique : il rend les vaisseaux poreux et fait pousser de <strong>nouveaux vaisseaux anormaux<\/strong> \u00e0 la surface de la r\u00e9tine et autour du nerf optique.<\/p>\n<p>Ces n\u00e9ovaisseaux sont fragiles et sans utilit\u00e9 fonctionnelle. Ils saignent facilement, ce qui provoque l&rsquo;<strong>h\u00e9morragie intravitr\u00e9enne<\/strong> : du sang envahit le corps vitr\u00e9 et le patient voit appara\u00eetre un voile, des filaments ou une pluie de taches noires. Avec le temps, ils se transforment en cicatrices fibreuses qui tirent sur la r\u00e9tine et peuvent la d\u00e9coller. C&rsquo;est la <strong>r\u00e9tinopathie prolif\u00e9rante<\/strong>, le stade le plus grave, celui o\u00f9 la perte d\u00e9finitive de la vision devient possible.<\/p>\n<h3>3.4. La r\u00e9tine est aussi un tissu nerveux<\/h3>\n<p>Longtemps d\u00e9crite comme une simple maladie des capillaires, la r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique est aujourd&rsquo;hui comprise comme une atteinte <strong>neurovasculaire<\/strong> : vaisseaux et cellules nerveuses souffrent ensemble. Des \u00e9tudes ont mis en \u00e9vidence des anomalies de la r\u00e9ponse \u00e9lectrique de la r\u00e9tine et une perte de cellules nerveuses avant m\u00eame l&rsquo;apparition des l\u00e9sions visibles. Cette notion explique deux constats bien connus en consultation : certaines personnes se plaignent d&rsquo;une vue moins performante alors que le fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il para\u00eet presque normal, et les situations de faible \u00e9clairage \u2014 conduite de nuit, lecture le soir \u2014 deviennent plus difficiles.<\/p>\n<p>Elle rappelle aussi qu&rsquo;un diab\u00e8te mal \u00e9quilibr\u00e9 ne s&rsquo;attaque pas qu&rsquo;\u00e0 la r\u00e9tine : la cataracte survient plus t\u00f4t, et la corn\u00e9e, le nerf optique et les paupi\u00e8res peuvent \u00e9galement souffrir. L&rsquo;examen ophtalmologique doit donc rester global, et non se limiter au fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">4. Les stades de la maladie : ce que l&rsquo;examen r\u00e9v\u00e8le<\/h2>\n<p>Le classement utilis\u00e9 par tous les ophtalmologues distingue deux grandes situations : une atteinte <strong>non prolif\u00e9rante<\/strong>, o\u00f9 les l\u00e9sions restent dans l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur de la r\u00e9tine, et une atteinte <strong>prolif\u00e9rante<\/strong>, o\u00f9 de nouveaux vaisseaux se d\u00e9veloppent \u00e0 sa surface.<\/p>\n<p>Tout commence par des signes discrets : de minuscules dilatations de la paroi des capillaires, les <strong>microan\u00e9vrismes<\/strong>, de petites h\u00e9morragies en taches ou en points, puis des anomalies de calibre des veines. \u00c0 ce stade, la vue est normale et aucun traitement oculaire n&rsquo;est n\u00e9cessaire : le suivi et l&rsquo;\u00e9quilibre du diab\u00e8te suffisent.<\/p>\n<p>Avant d&rsquo;examiner ces l\u00e9sions, il est utile de garder en m\u00e9moire l&rsquo;aspect d&rsquo;un fond d&rsquo;\u0153il normal : c&rsquo;est la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence qui permet de rep\u00e9rer ce qui s&rsquo;\u00e9carte de la normale.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-fond-oeil-normal.jpg\" alt=\"Fond d'\u0153il normal (r\u00e9tinophotographie couleur)\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Fond d&rsquo;\u0153il normal : disque optique net, arcades vasculaires r\u00e9guli\u00e8res, macula sans h\u00e9morragie \u2014 la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence qui permet de rep\u00e9rer les anomalies. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : Wikimedia Commons, \u00ab Fundus photograph of normal left eye \u00bb, CC0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-fond-oeil-rd.jpg\" alt=\"R\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique non prolif\u00e9rante\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>R\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique non prolif\u00e9rante : microan\u00e9vrismes, h\u00e9morragies punctiformes et anomalies vasculaires autour des arcades. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : Wikimedia Commons, \u00ab Fundus \u2014 diabetic retinopathy \u00bb, CC BY 4.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-exsudats.jpg\" alt=\"Exsudats lipidiques et h\u00e9morragies au fond d'\u0153il\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Exsudats lipidiques et remaniements vasculaires au cours d&rsquo;une r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : National Eye Institute (domaine public).<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-proliferative.jpg\" alt=\"R\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique prolif\u00e9rante\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>R\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique prolif\u00e9rante : n\u00e9ovaisseaux et tissu fibrovasculaire \u00e0 la surface de la r\u00e9tine. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : National Eye Institute (domaine public).<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Lorsque l&rsquo;isch\u00e9mie s&rsquo;\u00e9tend, on parle de forme <strong>s\u00e9v\u00e8re<\/strong> : le risque d&rsquo;\u00e9voluer vers la prolif\u00e9ration dans l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e devient important, et une surveillance rapproch\u00e9e s&rsquo;impose. Viennent ensuite les formes <strong>prolif\u00e9rantes<\/strong>, avec les n\u00e9ovaisseaux d\u00e9crits plus haut et le risque d&rsquo;h\u00e9morragie, de d\u00e9collement de la r\u00e9tine et de glaucome n\u00e9ovasculaire.<\/p>\n<p>Un point essentiel m\u00e9rite d&rsquo;\u00eatre r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 : un <strong>\u0153d\u00e8me maculaire<\/strong> peut s&rsquo;ajouter \u00e0 n&rsquo;importe lequel de ces stades, y compris aux stades pr\u00e9coces. C&rsquo;est lui qui ab\u00eeme la vision centrale, celle qui sert \u00e0 lire, conduire et reconna\u00eetre les visages ; c&rsquo;est donc lui qui d\u00e9clenche le plus souvent un traitement rapide, ind\u00e9pendamment du stade de la r\u00e9tinopathie.<\/p>\n<p>Pour le patient, ce vocabulaire se traduit simplement : \u00ab r\u00e9tinopathie l\u00e9g\u00e8re \u00bb signifie surveillance ; \u00ab mod\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00bb, surveillance rapproch\u00e9e et \u00e9quilibre renforc\u00e9 ; \u00ab s\u00e9v\u00e8re \u00bb ou \u00ab prolif\u00e9rante \u00bb signifie traitement, et parfois sans attendre la prochaine consultation annuelle.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-stades-fr.png\" alt=\"Stades de la r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Les quatre stades de la r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique et le suivi qui leur correspond. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Sch\u00e9ma original BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">5. Le diagnostic et le suivi : quels examens, \u00e0 quel rythme<\/h2>\n<p>Le diagnostic de la r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique repose sur un examen simple et indolore : l&rsquo;examen du <strong>fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il<\/strong>, apr\u00e8s dilatation de la pupille par des gouttes. Cette dilatation est indispensable, car un examen sans dilatation laisse passer des l\u00e9sions. Elle provoque une vision floue pendant quelques heures et une g\u00eane \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re : il vaut mieux pr\u00e9voir de ne pas conduire en rentrant et d&rsquo;apporter des lunettes de soleil.<\/p>\n<p>Plusieurs examens compl\u00e9mentaires peuvent ensuite \u00eatre demand\u00e9s, selon ce que l&rsquo;ophtalmologue observe :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>La r\u00e9tinophotographie couleur<\/strong> : des photographies du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il, r\u00e9alis\u00e9es avec ou sans dilatation. C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;examen de d\u00e9pistage par excellence, et il permet de comparer objectivement les images d&rsquo;une ann\u00e9e sur l&rsquo;autre. Dans certains programmes, des logiciels d&rsquo;intelligence artificielle analysent ces photographies pour trier les patients, mais la confirmation et la d\u00e9cision restent ophtalmologiques.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La tomographie par coh\u00e9rence optique (OCT)<\/strong> : un scanner de la r\u00e9tine, sans contact et sans douleur, qui mesure l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur de la macula et montre la moindre accumulation de liquide. C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;examen cl\u00e9 pour diagnostiquer l&rsquo;\u0153d\u00e8me maculaire, le suivre et mesurer l&rsquo;effet des traitements.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;angiographie par coh\u00e9rence optique (OCT-A)<\/strong> : le m\u00eame appareil, sans injection, qui visualise les capillaires et les vaisseaux anormaux.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;angiographie \u00e0 la fluoresc\u00e9ine<\/strong> : une injection de colorant suivie de photographies, qui cartographie les zones mal irrigu\u00e9es et les fuites. L&rsquo;examen reste utile dans certaines situations, avec un risque faible mais r\u00e9el d&rsquo;allergie et des pr\u00e9cautions en cas de grossesse ou d&rsquo;insuffisance r\u00e9nale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;\u00e9chographie oculaire<\/strong> : lorsqu&rsquo;une h\u00e9morragie emp\u00eache de voir le fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il, elle permet de v\u00e9rifier que la r\u00e9tine n&rsquo;est pas d\u00e9coll\u00e9e derri\u00e8re le sang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-oct.jpg\" alt=\"\u0152d\u00e8me maculaire cysto\u00efde en OCT\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Tomographie par coh\u00e9rence optique (OCT) d&rsquo;un \u0153d\u00e8me maculaire cysto\u00efde : logettes intrar\u00e9tiniennes et \u00e9paississement de la macula. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : Wikimedia Commons, \u00ab CystoidMacularEdema OCT \u00bb, CC BY-SA 3.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-maculopathie.jpg\" alt=\"\u0152d\u00e8me maculaire diab\u00e9tique au fond d'\u0153il\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Maculopathie diab\u00e9tique : exsudats durs en couronne mena\u00e7ant le centre de la macula. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : Wikimedia Commons, \u00ab Macular edema LE man 61years diabetic \u00bb, CC BY-SA 3.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-angiographie.jpg\" alt=\"Angiographie \u00e0 la fluoresc\u00e9ine\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Angiographie \u00e0 la fluoresc\u00e9ine : zones de non-perfusion, fuites capillaires et anomalies du r\u00e9seau vasculaire r\u00e9tinien. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : Wikimedia Commons, \u00ab Fluorescein angiography \u00bb, CC BY-SA 3.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u00c0 quel rythme se faire examiner ?<\/strong> Le calendrier d\u00e9pend du type de diab\u00e8te et du risque individuel :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Diab\u00e8te de type 1<\/strong> : premier examen d\u00e8s le diagnostic \u2014 ou \u00e0 la pubert\u00e9 si elle survient avant \u2014, puis un examen chaque ann\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diab\u00e8te de type 2<\/strong> : examen d\u00e8s le diagnostic, car la maladie peut \u00e9voluer silencieusement pendant des ann\u00e9es avant d&rsquo;\u00eatre d\u00e9couverte, puis chaque ann\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grossesse<\/strong> : examen avant la conception si possible, puis \u00e0 chaque trimestre et pendant l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e qui suit l&rsquo;accouchement, car la grossesse peut acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer brutalement les l\u00e9sions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surveillance rapproch\u00e9e<\/strong> (tous les trois \u00e0 six mois) en cas de r\u00e9tinopathie prolif\u00e9rante, d&rsquo;\u0153d\u00e8me maculaire, de forme s\u00e9v\u00e8re ou de progression rapide.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Quelques r\u00e9flexes rendent ces rendez-vous plus utiles : apporter les derniers r\u00e9sultats d&rsquo;h\u00e9moglobine glyqu\u00e9e et de tension, signaler tout changement de traitement du diab\u00e8te, et ne pas attendre qu&rsquo;un sympt\u00f4me apparaisse pour consulter \u2014 un fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il normal aujourd&rsquo;hui reste le meilleur point de comparaison pour demain.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-depistage-fr.png\" alt=\"Rythme du d\u00e9pistage\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Le rythme du d\u00e9pistage, selon la situation de chaque patient. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Sch\u00e9ma original BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"bf-art-figs\">\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/themes\/businessfes-child-flat\/assets\/ouazzani-care-consult.jpg\" alt=\"Examen \u00e0 la lampe \u00e0 fente au cabinet du Dr Soumia Ouazzani\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Examen \u00e0 la lampe \u00e0 fente au cabinet, \u00e0 F\u00e8s : observation des structures ant\u00e9rieures de l&rsquo;\u0153il. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Photo : Cabinet Dr Soumia Ouazzani, F\u00e8s.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/themes\/businessfes-child-flat\/assets\/ouazzani-care-glaucome.jpg\" alt=\"Imagerie de la r\u00e9tine au cabinet : \u00e9cran d'examens du fond d'\u0153il\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>L&rsquo;imagerie de la r\u00e9tine au cabinet : les clich\u00e9s du fond d&rsquo;\u0153il sont compar\u00e9s d&rsquo;une visite \u00e0 l&rsquo;autre. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Photo : Cabinet Dr Soumia Ouazzani, F\u00e8s.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">6. Les traitements : ce qui marche, et \u00e0 quel moment<\/h2>\n<p>La prise en charge de la r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique est <strong>multidisciplinaire<\/strong> : elle associe le travail du m\u00e9decin qui suit le diab\u00e8te, la ma\u00eetrise des facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire et, quand c&rsquo;est n\u00e9cessaire, des traitements ophtalmologiques cibl\u00e9s. L&rsquo;erreur la plus fr\u00e9quente est de croire qu&rsquo;il faut choisir entre les deux : ce sont deux volets d&rsquo;une m\u00eame prise en charge.<\/p>\n<h3>6.1. D&rsquo;abord l&rsquo;\u00e9quilibre : glyc\u00e9mie, tension, cholest\u00e9rol<\/h3>\n<p>Les grands essais men\u00e9s dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 ont montr\u00e9, de mani\u00e8re d\u00e9finitive, tout ce que l&rsquo;on gagne \u00e0 \u00e9quilibrer le diab\u00e8te :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chez les patients de <strong>type 1<\/strong>, un traitement intensif a r\u00e9duit de <strong>76 %<\/strong> l&rsquo;apparition de la r\u00e9tinopathie, de <strong>54 %<\/strong> sa progression et de <strong>47 %<\/strong> le risque d&rsquo;atteindre les formes s\u00e9v\u00e8res.<\/li>\n<li>Chez les patients de <strong>type 2<\/strong>, chaque point d&rsquo;h\u00e9moglobine glyqu\u00e9e gagn\u00e9 s&rsquo;est accompagn\u00e9 d&rsquo;une r\u00e9duction d&rsquo;environ <strong>35 %<\/strong> des complications touchant les petits vaisseaux, et un contr\u00f4le strict de la tension art\u00e9rielle (objectif inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 130\/80 mmHg) a diminu\u00e9 la progression de la r\u00e9tinopathie d&rsquo;environ <strong>34 %<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Le b\u00e9n\u00e9fice d&rsquo;un bon \u00e9quilibre <strong>persiste pendant des d\u00e9cennies<\/strong> : les patients \u00e9quilibr\u00e9s t\u00f4t gardent un avantage durable, m\u00eame si leur contr\u00f4le se rel\u00e2che ensuite.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Une correction du cholest\u00e9rol (statines) et, dans certaines situations, l&rsquo;ajout de f\u00e9nofibrate compl\u00e8tent cet \u00e9quilibre. L&rsquo;aspirine, souvent prescrite pour des raisons cardiologiques, ne prot\u00e8ge pas la r\u00e9tine mais ne la menace pas non plus : elle ne contre-indique ni le laser ni la chirurgie.<\/p>\n<p>Deux points pratiques m\u00e9ritent l&rsquo;attention. Le premier est qu&rsquo;une am\u00e9lioration <strong>tr\u00e8s rapide<\/strong> d&rsquo;un diab\u00e8te mal \u00e9quilibr\u00e9 depuis longtemps \u2014 mise sous pompe \u00e0 insuline, introduction de nouveaux traitements \u2014 peut s&rsquo;accompagner d&rsquo;une aggravation transitoire des l\u00e9sions : un examen du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il avant et apr\u00e8s ces changements importants est donc prudent, sans remettre en cause le b\u00e9n\u00e9fice \u00e0 long terme. Le second est qu&rsquo;aucun de ces traitements ne remplace le suivant : l&rsquo;\u00e9quilibre ralentit la maladie, il ne r\u00e9pare pas une l\u00e9sion install\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<h3>6.2. Les traitements de l&rsquo;\u0153il<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Le laser.<\/strong> La photocoagulation panr\u00e9tinienne consiste \u00e0 traiter le laser sur la r\u00e9tine p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique afin de d\u00e9truire les zones mal irrigu\u00e9es et de faire baisser la production de VEGF. Les \u00e9tudes ont montr\u00e9 qu&rsquo;elle <strong>r\u00e9duit de plus de moiti\u00e9<\/strong> le risque de perte visuelle s\u00e9v\u00e8re dans les formes prolif\u00e9rantes \u00e0 haut risque. Elle reste une option solide lorsque le suivi rapproch\u00e9 est difficile, en cas de grossesse, ou lorsque les injections ne sont pas accessibles. Ses inconv\u00e9nients sont r\u00e9els : r\u00e9duction du champ visuel p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique, de la vision nocturne et de la sensibilit\u00e9 aux contrastes, parfois un \u0153d\u00e8me maculaire transitoire. Le choix se fait donc au cas par cas.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-laser.jpg\" alt=\"S\u00e9ance de photocoagulation panr\u00e9tinienne au laser\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>S\u00e9ance de photocoagulation panr\u00e9tinienne au laser pour une r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique prolif\u00e9rante. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : National Eye Institute (domaine public).<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-laser-cicatrices.jpg\" alt=\"Cicatrices de photocoagulation sur la r\u00e9tine\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Apr\u00e8s traitement : cicatrices de photocoagulation dispers\u00e9es sur la r\u00e9tine p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : National Eye Institute (domaine public).<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Les injections dans l&rsquo;\u0153il.<\/strong> Les traitements anti-VEGF \u2014 ranibizumab, aflibercept, faricimab, et dans certaines situations bevacizumab \u2014 sont aujourd&rsquo;hui le <strong>traitement de premi\u00e8re intention de l&rsquo;\u0153d\u00e8me maculaire qui atteint le centre de la r\u00e9tine<\/strong>. Ils sont \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9s dans les formes prolif\u00e9rantes, parfois avant une chirurgie. Le rythme des injections est adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9ponse de chaque \u0153il : on espace progressivement les rendez-vous, ou on les planifie selon ce que montre l&rsquo;OCT.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-injection.jpg\" alt=\"Injection intravitr\u00e9enne\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Injection intravitr\u00e9enne : geste r\u00e9alis\u00e9 en conditions st\u00e9riles, apr\u00e8s anesth\u00e9sie locale. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : Wikimedia Commons, \u00ab Intravitreal treatment \u00bb, CC BY-SA 4.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Les cortico\u00efdes.<\/strong> Des implants \u00e0 lib\u00e9ration prolong\u00e9e (dexam\u00e9thasone, fluocinolone) ou des injections de triamcinolone constituent une alternative utile lorsque l&rsquo;\u0153d\u00e8me r\u00e9siste aux anti-VEGF, ou chez des patients d\u00e9j\u00e0 op\u00e9r\u00e9s de la cataracte. Leur inconv\u00e9nient est l&rsquo;augmentation du risque de <strong>cataracte<\/strong> et de <strong>tension oculaire \u00e9lev\u00e9e<\/strong>, parfois s\u00e9v\u00e8re : la pression de l&rsquo;\u0153il doit donc \u00eatre surveill\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p><strong>La chirurgie.<\/strong> La vitrectomie est indiqu\u00e9e en cas d&rsquo;<strong>h\u00e9morragie<\/strong> du corps vitr\u00e9 qui ne se r\u00e9sorbe pas apr\u00e8s plusieurs semaines ou mois (en particulier si l&rsquo;autre \u0153il est atteint), de <strong>d\u00e9collement de la r\u00e9tine<\/strong> mena\u00e7ant la macula, de membranes fibreuses actives, ou d&rsquo;un \u0153d\u00e8me r\u00e9sistant associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une traction sur la macula. Elle am\u00e9liore la vision dans la majorit\u00e9 des cas, au prix d&rsquo;une p\u00e9riode postop\u00e9ratoire qui demande de la patience et un contr\u00f4le strict du diab\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<h3>6.3. Quatre situations qui demandent une vigilance particuli\u00e8re<\/h3>\n<p><strong>La grossesse.<\/strong> Les l\u00e9sions peuvent progresser rapidement, parfois en quelques semaines. Un examen du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il avant la conception, puis \u00e0 chaque trimestre et pendant l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e qui suit l&rsquo;accouchement permet de garder une longueur d&rsquo;avance. Les injections d&rsquo;anti-VEGF sont \u00e9vit\u00e9es pendant la grossesse ; le laser reste alors le traitement de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence lorsque la situation l&rsquo;exige.<\/p>\n<p><strong>La cataracte.<\/strong> Elle est plus fr\u00e9quente et survient plus t\u00f4t chez les personnes diab\u00e9tiques. L&rsquo;op\u00e9ration est parfaitement possible, mais elle n\u00e9cessite une \u00e9valuation pr\u00e9alable du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il et une surveillance attentive dans les mois qui suivent, car un \u0153d\u00e8me maculaire peut appara\u00eetre ou s&rsquo;aggraver apr\u00e8s la chirurgie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L&rsquo;h\u00e9morragie brutale.<\/strong> Une pluie de taches noires, un voile qui descend ou une baisse de vision soudaine ne doivent jamais attendre le prochain rendez-vous : il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une urgence ophtalmologique.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Le glaucome n\u00e9ovasculaire.<\/strong> Dans les formes tr\u00e8s \u00e9volu\u00e9es, des vaisseaux anormaux apparaissent aussi sur l&rsquo;iris et dans l&rsquo;angle de l&rsquo;\u0153il, ce qui fait monter brutalement la pression. Un \u0153il rouge et douloureux, avec une vision troubl\u00e9e, impose une consultation imm\u00e9diate : ce tableau se traite en urgence par laser, injections et traitement de la pression oculaire.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-traitements-fr.png\" alt=\"Traitements de l'\u0153il\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Les traitements ophtalmologiques et l&rsquo;objectif principal de chacun. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Sch\u00e9ma original BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"bf-art-figs\">\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/themes\/businessfes-child-flat\/assets\/ouazzani-care-consult.jpg\" alt=\"Consultation ophtalmologique \u00e0 la lampe \u00e0 fente\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Consultation au cabinet : examen \u00e0 la lampe \u00e0 fente. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Photo : Cabinet Dr Soumia Ouazzani, F\u00e8s.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/themes\/businessfes-child-flat\/assets\/ouazzani-care-laser.jpg\" alt=\"S\u00e9ance de laser r\u00e9tinien au cabinet\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>S\u00e9ance de laser r\u00e9tinien au cabinet, lorsque l&rsquo;indication m\u00e9dicale le justifie. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Photo : Cabinet Dr Soumia Ouazzani, F\u00e8s.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">7. Prot\u00e9ger sa vue au quotidien<\/h2>\n<p>La r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique ne se pr\u00e9vient pas par des gestes isol\u00e9s, mais par une r\u00e9gularit\u00e9. Voici les points qui font r\u00e9ellement la diff\u00e9rence :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ne pas sauter l&rsquo;examen du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il.<\/strong> C&rsquo;est le geste central : c&rsquo;est lui qui r\u00e9v\u00e8le la maladie avant qu&rsquo;elle ne se manifeste. Un examen annuel bien fait, avec dilatation de la pupille, vaut mieux que trois consultations tardives.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Garder le diab\u00e8te \u00e9quilibr\u00e9<\/strong>, avec un objectif d&rsquo;h\u00e9moglobine glyqu\u00e9e d\u00e9fini par le m\u00e9decin qui suit le diab\u00e8te, adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge et aux autres maladies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Contr\u00f4ler la tension art\u00e9rielle<\/strong>, en particulier lorsqu&rsquo;un \u0153d\u00e8me maculaire existe, ainsi que le cholest\u00e9rol.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Arr\u00eater le tabac.<\/strong> Le tabagisme aggrave l&rsquo;atteinte vasculaire et r\u00e9duit l&rsquo;effet des traitements.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bouger et surveiller son poids<\/strong>, ce qui am\u00e9liore l&rsquo;ensemble des facteurs de risque.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Signaler les changements de traitement du diab\u00e8te<\/strong> au moment o\u00f9 ils sont d\u00e9cid\u00e9s : une intensification rapide justifie un contr\u00f4le du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Il faut conna\u00eetre les signes d&rsquo;alerte qui imposent une consultation sans d\u00e9lai : une baisse de vision brutale ou progressive, des lignes droites qui deviennent ondul\u00e9es, des mouches volantes nombreuses et soudaines, un \u00e9clair ou un voile dans le champ de vision, un \u0153il rouge et douloureux. Aucun de ces signes n&rsquo;est normal, et aucun ne doit \u00eatre mis sur le compte de la fatigue ou de lunettes mal adapt\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-vision-simulee.jpg\" alt=\"Simulation de la vision d'un patient atteint de r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Ce que voit un patient atteint de r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique : taches et zones floues qui g\u00eanent la lecture et la conduite. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">Clich\u00e9 : National Eye Institute (domaine public).<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Lorsque la vision est d\u00e9j\u00e0 ab\u00eem\u00e9e, la d\u00e9marche ne s&rsquo;arr\u00eate pas : les traitements peuvent stabiliser la situation et parfois l&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer, et une r\u00e9adaptation \u2014 \u00e9clairage adapt\u00e9, aides optiques, grossissement des textes \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cran, am\u00e9nagement du domicile \u2014 permet de maintenir une r\u00e9elle autonomie.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">8. Ce qu&rsquo;il faut retenir<\/h2>\n<p>Ce que l&rsquo;on observe le plus souvent, ce n&rsquo;est pas l&rsquo;absence de traitement disponible : c&rsquo;est un examen demand\u00e9 trop tard. Une personne diab\u00e9tique qui consulte pour un \u0153il silencieux d\u00e9couvre parfois des l\u00e9sions qui auraient \u00e9t\u00e9 visibles un an plus t\u00f4t \u2014 et qui, \u00e0 ce moment-l\u00e0, auraient \u00e9t\u00e9 plus faciles \u00e0 traiter.<\/p>\n<p>Le message tient en trois phrases. Un \u0153il diab\u00e9tique pr\u00e9vient rarement : c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;examen du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il qui avertit \u00e0 sa place. Un bon \u00e9quilibre glyc\u00e9mique et de la tension ralentissent la maladie, mais ne remplacent pas le suivi ophtalmologique. Enfin, les traitements actuels \u2014 laser, injections, chirurgie \u2014 pr\u00e9servent la vue dans la grande majorit\u00e9 des cas lorsqu&rsquo;ils interviennent \u00e0 temps.<\/p>\n<p>Un fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il prend quelques minutes, ne fait pas mal, et reste le geste le plus rentable de toute la prise en charge du diab\u00e8te. Si vous vivez avec un diab\u00e8te et que vous n&rsquo;avez pas eu cet examen depuis plus d&rsquo;un an, c&rsquo;est la d\u00e9marche la plus utile que vous puissiez faire cette semaine.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"bf-art-alert\">\n<p class=\"bf-art-alert__title\">Consultez sans attendre si\u2026<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bf-art-alert__list\">\n<li>une baisse de vision brutale, ou une vision floue qui persiste ;<\/li>\n<li>l&rsquo;apparition de mouches, de filaments ou d&rsquo;une pluie de taches noires ;<\/li>\n<li>un voile sombre ou un \u00ab rideau \u00bb qui masque une partie du champ visuel ;<\/li>\n<li>des lignes droites qui paraissent ondul\u00e9es ou d\u00e9form\u00e9es ;<\/li>\n<li>une douleur oculaire inhabituelle \u2014 rare dans la r\u00e9tinopathie, mais \u00e0 ne pas n\u00e9gliger.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"bf-art-alert__note\">Un diab\u00e8te d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibr\u00e9, une grossesse ou une pouss\u00e9e de tension art\u00e9rielle justifient un contr\u00f4le ophtalmologique rapproch\u00e9, m\u00eame sans sympt\u00f4me.<\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<div class=\"bf-blog-cta\">\n<h3>Professionnel de sant\u00e9 \u00e0 F\u00e8s ? Votre place sur la plateforme<\/h3>\n<p>BusinessFes h\u00e9berge et met \u00e0 jour votre page professionnelle : pr\u00e9sentation, horaires, contacts, WhatsApp et itin\u00e9raire \u2014 sans tableau de bord \u00e0 apprendre.<\/p>\n<p class=\"bf-blog-cta__example\"><strong>Exemple concret :<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/dr-soumia-ouazzani\/\">la page du Dr Soumia Ouazzani<\/a> \u2014 page professionnelle h\u00e9berg\u00e9e et suivie par BusinessFes.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"bf-blog-cta__btn\" href=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/ajouter-votre-entreprise\/\">D\u00e9couvrir les formules \u2014 Ajouter votre entreprise<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"sources\">9. Sources<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale du Diab\u00e8te. <em>Atlas du diab\u00e8te<\/em>, 10e \u00e9dition, 2021.<\/li>\n<li>Yau JWY, Rogers SL, Kawasaki R, et al. Global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. <em>Diabetes Care<\/em>. 2012;35(3):556-564.<\/li>\n<li>Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Cruickshanks KJ. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. <em>Arch Ophthalmol<\/em>. 1994.<\/li>\n<li>The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. <em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 1993;329:977-986.<\/li>\n<li>UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment. <em>Lancet<\/em>. 1998;352:837-853.<\/li>\n<li>The Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. <em>Ophthalmology<\/em>. 1981;88:583-600.<\/li>\n<li>Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema (ETDRS report number 1). <em>Arch Ophthalmol<\/em>. 1985;103:1796-1806.<\/li>\n<li>Wilkinson CP, Ferris FL 3rd, Klein RE, et al. Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales. <em>Ophthalmology<\/em>. 2003;110(9):1677-1682.<\/li>\n<li>Cheung N, Mitchell P, Wong TY. Diabetic retinopathy. <em>Lancet<\/em>. 2010;376(9735):124-136.<\/li>\n<li>Antonetti DA, Klein R, Gardner TW. Diabetic retinopathy. <em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 2012;366(13):1227-1239.<\/li>\n<li>Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema (Protocol T). <em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 2015;372:1193-1203.<\/li>\n<li>Wykoff CC, Abreu F, Adamis AP, et al. Efficacy, durability, and safety of intravitreal faricimab in diabetic macular edema (YOSEMITE and RHINE). <em>Lancet<\/em>. 2022;399:741-755.<\/li>\n<li>ACCORD Study Group. Effects of medical therapies on retinopathy progression in type 2 diabetes. <em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 2010;363:233-244.<\/li>\n<li>American Academy of Ophthalmology. <em>Diabetic Retinopathy Preferred Practice Pattern<\/em>. San Francisco : AAO.<\/li>\n<li>Gross JG, Glassman AR, Jampol LM, et al. Panretinal photocoagulation vs intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (Protocol S). <em>JAMA<\/em>. 2015;314(20):2137-2146.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"credits\">10. Cr\u00e9dits des images<\/h2>\n<div class=\"bf-art-credits\">\n<p>Les sch\u00e9mas (anatomie de l&rsquo;\u0153il, chiffres cl\u00e9s, stades, d\u00e9pistage, traitements) sont des <strong>cr\u00e9ations originales BusinessFes<\/strong>, r\u00e9alis\u00e9es pour cet article.<\/p>\n<p>Les photographies du cabinet ont \u00e9t\u00e9 prises au <strong>cabinet du Dr Soumia Ouazzani<\/strong>, \u00e0 F\u00e8s, et sont publi\u00e9es avec son autorisation.<\/p>\n<p>Les clich\u00e9s m\u00e9dicaux (fond d&rsquo;\u0153il, OCT, angiographie, laser, injection, simulation de vision) proviennent de <strong>Wikimedia Commons<\/strong> et du <strong>National Eye Institute<\/strong> (NIH, domaine public), sous licences CC0, CC BY 4.0 ou CC BY-SA 3.0 \/ 4.0.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;attribution et la licence de chaque image figurent sous la l\u00e9gende correspondante ; toute r\u00e9utilisation en dehors de cet article reste soumise \u00e0 la licence d&rsquo;origine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une personne diab\u00e9tique sur trois pr\u00e9sente une atteinte de la r\u00e9tine, souvent sans aucun sympt\u00f4me. Examens, rythme du d\u00e9pistage, signes d&rsquo;alerte et traitements : comment prot\u00e9ger sa vue.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1700,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","bf_title_ar":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0643 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c","bf_excerpt_ar":"\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0636. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0643\u061f","bf_content_ar":"<p class=\"bf-art-lead\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0630\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"bf-art-author\">\n<p class=\"bf-art-author__kicker\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<p class=\"bf-art-author__name\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p class=\"bf-art-author__role\">\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p class=\"bf-art-author__links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/ar\/dr-soumia-ouazzani\/\">\u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 BusinessFes<\/a> <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/maps.app.goo.gl\/tgk6t3pWPsVXQvBp9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n<\/aside>\n\n<h2 id=\"essentiel\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0630\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 <strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 <strong>\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 <strong>\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 <strong>\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong>: \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 <strong>90% \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<nav class=\"bf-art-toc\" aria-label=\"\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\">\n<p class=\"bf-art-toc__title\">\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<ol class=\"bf-art-toc__list\">\n<li><a href=\"#s1\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u061f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s2\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s3\">\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s4\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s5\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s6\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649\u061f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s7\">\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#s8\">\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0647<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/nav>\n<h2 id=\"s1\">1. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645: \u0646\u062d\u0648 <strong>537 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635<\/strong> \u0628\u064a\u0646 20 \u064879 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2021\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a 643 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a 2030 \u0648783 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a 2045. \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0646\u062d\u0648 <strong>\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a<\/strong>. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 <strong>95% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 <strong>60% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631: <strong>\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648<strong>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-chiffres-ar.png\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0627: \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u2014 BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"s2\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0633<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u061b \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647 0.25 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 (\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627)<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-anatomie-ar.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u2014 BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u2014 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627: \u0641\u0623\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0628 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\u0647\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>3.4. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u064a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 <strong>\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0630\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062a) \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0630\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s4\">4. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 <strong>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 <strong>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (microan\u00e9vrismes)<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0641 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646: \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u064f\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a: \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-fond-oeil-normal.jpg\" alt=\"\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 (\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629)\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u0641 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632\u060c \u00abFundus photograph of normal left eye\u00bb\u060c \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 CC0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-fond-oeil-rd.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a: \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632\u060c \u00abFundus \u2014 diabetic retinopathy\u00bb\u060c \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 CC BY 4.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-exsudats.jpg\" alt=\"\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (National Eye Institute) \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-proliferative.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a: \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (National Eye Institute) \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 <strong>\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 <strong>\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: \u00ab\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u00bb \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0648\u00ab\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u00bb \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u061b \u0648\u00ab\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u00bb \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-stades-ar.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u2014 BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"s5\">5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645: <strong>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/strong> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/strong>: \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OCT)<\/strong>: \u0645\u0627\u0633\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OCT-A)<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0646\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064e\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/strong>: \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/strong>: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0646\u0632\u0641 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-oct.jpg\" alt=\"\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OCT) \u0644\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062b\u062e\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632\u060c \u00abCystoidMacularEdema OCT\u00bb\u060c \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 CC BY-SA 3.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-maculopathie.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a: \u0631\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632\u060c \u00abMacular edema LE man 61years diabetic\u00bb\u060c \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 CC BY-SA 3.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-angiographie.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064e\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064e\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632\u060c \u00abFluorescein angiography\u00bb\u060c \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 CC BY-SA 3.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0628\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong>: \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u2014 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0625\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u2014 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0633\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>: \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0633\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/strong>: \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629<\/strong> (\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629: \u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u062f.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-depistage-ar.png\" alt=\"\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u2014 BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"bf-art-figs\">\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/themes\/businessfes-child-flat\/assets\/ouazzani-care-consult.jpg\" alt=\"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0633.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/themes\/businessfes-child-flat\/assets\/ouazzani-care-glaucome.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0633.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s6\">6. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 <strong>\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631: \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>6.1. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637: \u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u062e\u0641\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0651\u0641 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <strong>76%<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <strong>54%<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <strong>47%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 <strong>35%<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0641\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 (\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 130\/80 \u0645\u0644\u0645 \u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642) \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 <strong>34%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f <strong>\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/strong>: \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u064e \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0647\u0627: \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u2014 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a: \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0643 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0622\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>6.2. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631.<\/strong> \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c VEGF. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 <strong>\u064a\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641<\/strong> \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-laser.jpg\" alt=\"\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (National Eye Institute) \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-laser-cicatrices.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u062f\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c: \u0646\u062f\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (National Eye Institute) \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a VEGF \u2014 \u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u2014 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u064a\u0646: \u0641\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0637\u0651\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a (OCT).<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-injection.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a: \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632\u060c \u00abIntravitreal treatment\u00bb\u060c \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 CC BY-SA 4.0.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 (\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646) \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a VEGF\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0648<strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0641<\/strong> \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 (\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629)\u060c \u0623\u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>6.3. \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a VEGF \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062a).<\/strong> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626.<\/strong> \u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631: \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-traitements-ar.png\" alt=\"\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u2014 BusinessFes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"bf-art-figs\">\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/themes\/businessfes-child-flat\/assets\/ouazzani-care-consult.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0633.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/themes\/businessfes-child-flat\/assets\/ouazzani-care-laser.jpg\" alt=\"\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0633.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"s7\">7. \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/strong> \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0651\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062e\u0636\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645<\/strong>\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u063a.<\/strong> \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0651\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u064a\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"bf-blog-figure\"><img src=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bf-diabete-retine-vision-simulee.jpg\" alt=\"\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a: \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629. <span class=\"bf-art-credit\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (National Eye Institute) \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0630\u0651\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u2014 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u2014 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"s8\">8. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u064f\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0651\u0631. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062c\u0645\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0630\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0637\u0626\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u2014 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0650 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"bf-art-alert\">\n<p class=\"bf-art-alert__title\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627\u2026<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bf-art-alert__list\">\n<li>\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u00ab\u0630\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u063a\u0637\u0651\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u00bb \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0651\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647\u0629\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"bf-art-alert__note\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626: \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0636.<\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<div class=\"bf-blog-cta\">\n<h3>\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633\u061f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 BusinessFes \u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u2014 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p class=\"bf-blog-cta__example\"><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/ar\/dr-soumia-ouazzani\/\">\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u2014 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 BusinessFes.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"bf-blog-cta__btn\" href=\"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/ajouter-votre-entreprise\/\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a \u2014 \u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"sources\">9. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale du Diab\u00e8te. <em>Atlas du diab\u00e8te<\/em>, 10e \u00e9dition, 2021.<\/li>\n<li>Yau JWY, Rogers SL, Kawasaki R, et al. Global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. <em>Diabetes Care<\/em>. 2012;35(3):556-564.<\/li>\n<li>Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Cruickshanks KJ. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. <em>Arch Ophthalmol<\/em>. 1994.<\/li>\n<li>The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. <em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 1993;329:977-986.<\/li>\n<li>UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment. <em>Lancet<\/em>. 1998;352:837-853.<\/li>\n<li>The Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. <em>Ophthalmology<\/em>. 1981;88:583-600.<\/li>\n<li>Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema (ETDRS report number 1). <em>Arch Ophthalmol<\/em>. 1985;103:1796-1806.<\/li>\n<li>Wilkinson CP, Ferris FL 3rd, Klein RE, et al. Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales. <em>Ophthalmology<\/em>. 2003;110(9):1677-1682.<\/li>\n<li>Cheung N, Mitchell P, Wong TY. Diabetic retinopathy. <em>Lancet<\/em>. 2010;376(9735):124-136.<\/li>\n<li>Antonetti DA, Klein R, Gardner TW. Diabetic retinopathy. <em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 2012;366(13):1227-1239.<\/li>\n<li>Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema (Protocol T). <em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 2015;372:1193-1203.<\/li>\n<li>Wykoff CC, Abreu F, Adamis AP, et al. Efficacy, durability, and safety of intravitreal faricimab in diabetic macular edema (YOSEMITE and RHINE). <em>Lancet<\/em>. 2022;399:741-755.<\/li>\n<li>ACCORD Study Group. Effects of medical therapies on retinopathy progression in type 2 diabetes. <em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 2010;363:233-244.<\/li>\n<li>American Academy of Ophthalmology. <em>Diabetic Retinopathy Preferred Practice Pattern<\/em>. San Francisco: AAO.<\/li>\n<li>Gross JG, Glassman AR, Jampol LM, et al. Panretinal photocoagulation vs intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (Protocol S). <em>JAMA<\/em>. 2015;314(20):2137-2146.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"credits\">10. \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/h2>\n<div class=\"bf-art-credits\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a) <strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c BusinessFes<\/strong> \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong> \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c OCT\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632<\/strong> \u0648\u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645)\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u062e\u0635 CC0 \u0623\u0648 CC BY 4.0 \u0623\u0648 CC BY-SA 3.0 \/ 4.0.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062e\u0635\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","footnotes":""},"categories":[119,4],"tags":[122,121,125,124,120,123],"class_list":["post-1712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ophtalmologie","category-sante","tag-depistage-du-diabete","tag-fond-de-loeil","tag-oct-retine","tag-ophtalmologue-fes","tag-retinopathie-diabetique","tag-oedeme-maculaire"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1712","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1712"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1712\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1733,"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1712\/revisions\/1733"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businessfes.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}